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Sex Ratios - Primary and Secondary

Brian McCorkle

The claims of gender feminist organizations that India is killing of its girl fetuses used nonstandard ratios to claim their point. I wanted a way to compare the various numbers used when discussing sex ratios.

Some organizations have claimed that India is engaged in selective abortions of girls. The proof that these people offer is the birth ratio of girls to boys. What these people don't say is that the ratio is exactly the same in the United States. As part of their dishonesty, they also present numbers in a form that make normal ratios appear to support their claims.

My intent with the following tables is to correlate the various ways of presenting sex ratios; compare ratios of various countries; and show the influence of environment events on the ratios. The terms I'll be using are Sex Ratio, Gender Feminist, and Proportion. I noted that sex ratios can be presented in any of these varieties and wanted a simple way to compare numbers to see which were equivalent.

In the end, I hope we can recognize the simply because India is non-European that does not mean that the country or people have a lower value of life. The organizations that trade upon that kind of bigotry must be exposed for what they are.

Sex Ratio is the number of boys divided by the number of girls multiplied by 100. Variations can be no multiplication or multiply by 1000. Thus 106, 1.06, and 1060 are equivalent.

The Gender Feminist number is the number of girls divided by the number of boys multiplied by 1000. This method is often used to claim that girls are being preferentially aborted. The number of girls born per 1000 boys will be less than 1000 for a normal range of sex ratios.

Proportion is the number of boys divided by the total of boys and girls multiplied by 100. The result is straightforward, and the percent girls can easily be determined.

When evaluating information, one must take care to note whether the sex ratio or proportion is used. And to note whether the standard sex ratio of boys per girls or the gender feminist variance is used.

The ratios in these tables are the primary sex ratios first and the secondary ratios second. The example column in the secondary sex ratio table indicates where various countries fall. I have also included some numbers associated with environmental and employment events.

Table 1 - Primary Sex Ratio
Sex Ratio Gender Feminist Proportion
125 800 55.56%
130 769 56.52%
140 714 58.33%
150 667 60.00%
160 625 61.54%
170 588 62.96%
180 556 64.29%

The primary sex ratio is not easy to determine with precision. This number refers to the number of boys per girls at conception. Physically we are all girls at this point so even if the newly fertilized egg could be examined, we still would not know whether it were a boy or girl. Estimates of the primary sex ratio vary from 125 to 160.

Extrapolation based on the sex of fetuses that die before birth is a way of working out the ratio. For abortion, that number is unknown; at least in the State of Wisconsin where recording of the sex of the aborted fetus sex is not required.

Ultrasound numbers may be helpful, but are not always reliable. At twelve weeks gestation, according to some studies, the accuracy is 80%. The result is also dependent on the person who reads the ultrasound and the cooperation of the fetus.

At any rate, the number of boys conceived to the number of girls is quite high. If factors are such that viability of boy fetuses is increased then the secondary sex ratio can easily range to 115 or perhaps even 120.

Table 2 - Secondary Sex Ratio
Sex Ratio Gender Feminist Proportion Examples
54 1852 35.06% Fathers employed in aluminum plants (1)
62 1613 38.27% Dioxin spill(2)
66 1515 39.76% Fathers employed in pesticide plants(3)
102 980 50.50% South Africa
103 971 50.74%
104 962 50.98% Iceland
105 952 51.22% India, United States
106 943 51.46% World
107 935 51.69% Spain
108 926 51.92%
109 917 52.15%
110 909 52.38% Albania
111 901 52.61%
112 893 52.83% China
113 885 53.05%
114 877 53.27%
115 870 53.49%
116 862 53.70% Georgia
117 855 53.92% Armenia

The secondary sex ratio is the number that gives the number of boy births per girl births. The country data in Table 2 are from the 2005 CIA World Fact Book. Most countries can be very accurate about the birth ratios. Sex of the child is noted on a birth certificate and duly recorded. Countries with a dysfunctional infrastructure can be problematical.

Note that very low ratios are associated with father's employment.

What is a normal secondary sex ratio? There isn't one. When extreme proportions like thirty percent boys or girls occur, we can be sure of abnormality and attempt identify a cause. For smaller variations around the world average, it is difficult to distinguish natural variations from other factors. If the ratio drops below 100 that would appear to be abnormal.

More important, abnormal events are associated with increased birth defects. The hazard is sufficient that men need to be warned about the consequences of their employment on their offspring. So far, no one seems to care.

The tables here are the primary (conception) and secondary (birth) sex ratios. The numbers that gender feminists use to claim selective aborting of girls are well within the normal range.

First Appeared in Ego Trips Number Five (Autumn 2006)
Experimental Literary Journal of the
Fox Valley Writers Club (Wisconsin)

References
(1) Davis, D. L., Gottlieb, M. B., & Stampnitzky J. R. (1998). Reduced ratio of births in several industrialized countries. Journal of the American Medical Association, 279(13), 1018-1023.

(2) Mocarelli, P. (2000). Paternal concentrations of dioxin and sex ratio of offspring. Lancet, 355, 1858-1863.

(3) Ryan, J. J., Amirova, Z., & Carrier G. (2002). Sex ratios of children of Russian pesticide producers exposed to dioxin. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110(11).